The operating system is a piece software that handles all the hardware components of a computer. It splits the amount of time each program gets to run on the CPU. It also allocates disk space and protects data from unauthorised access. It also allows for interfacing between the hardware and programs. This allows the software to connect to a variety of hardware devices such as printers, Wi-Fi adapters and hard disk drives.
A OS also allows multiple software processes running simultaneously on the same processor. Multitasking is what it is known as. It also allows the user to communicate directly with the computer via a GUI interface (graphical) or command line interface. The operating system may be a standalone application that runs in memory or a collection programs and libraries on the hard drive that are loaded into memory as required.
Other important functions of an operating system are error detection. The system continuously monitors all inputs and outputs, in order to spot errors and prevent further problems. It is also responsible to manage the network connections and establish security protocols in order to prevent unauthorized access.
The OS also stores driver information for devices in a standard format to make it easy to identify. It can also install and configure new drivers whenever hardware is changed. In addition, the OS can translate a user-generated program from high-level languages to machine code with the help of a compiler and loader. It can also move the data stored on a hard drive if it detects a bad sector.
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